How Cold Weather Affects Electric Cars
Electric vehicles (EVs) are rapidly becoming more common on UK roads — and for good reasons: lower running costs, a smoother drive and fewer emissions. But when temperatures drop, especially through autumn and winter, electric cars behave differently to petrol and diesel cars. In this guide, we explain how cold weather affects electric cars, what to expect during winter driving, and how to make sure your electric car keeps performing efficiently.
What Happens to EV Range in Cold Weather
Batteries Don’t Like the Cold
Your EV’s battery is at the heart of how far it can travel between charges. In cold weather, chemical reactions inside the battery slow down — meaning:
- Reduced energy output
- Lower range per charge
- Longer charging times
This isn’t unique to one brand — it’s a physical effect of low temperatures on lithium-ion batteries.
Real-World Range Drops
Range loss can vary, but many EV drivers report losing 10–30% of their typical range when temperatures fall near or below freezing. Using the heater, defroster and heated seats will further reduce range because they draw power directly from the battery.
Charging Challenges in Low Temperatures
Slower Charging
Cold batteries take longer to accept a charge. Rapid chargers may slow down the charge rate until the battery warms up — so a “quick top-up” in freezing weather might take longer than expected.
Best Practices for Winter Charging
- Pre-heat the car while plugged in — this uses grid power to warm the battery.
- Avoid charging outside during extreme cold if you have access to a warm or sheltered charging point.
- Use scheduled charging to optimise battery temperature around departure time.
Heating & Comfort: What Uses the Most Power?
Heat Pumps vs Conventional Heaters
Many modern EVs are fitted with heat pumps, which are more efficient than resistive heaters and can reduce the impact on range. Older or budget models may rely on less efficient heating systems, which can draw significant battery power.
Tips for Staying Warm Without Wasting Range
- Pre-heat while plugged in — warms the cabin without using stored battery energy.
- Use heated seats and steering wheel first — these use less power than heating the whole cabin.
- Dress for the weather — layering up is simple and effective.
Driving in Cold Weather: Safety First
Grip & Braking
Cold tyres have less grip, especially on icy or frosty roads. To stay safe:
- Reduce speed
- Increase following distance
- Avoid sharp steering inputs
Although EVs often have sophisticated stability systems, physics still apply.
Snow and Ice
If you’re driving in snow or ice:
- Consider winter tyres for better traction
- Use gentle acceleration and braking
- Keep battery above 20% where possible — lower charge levels can reduce heater effectiveness
Planning Your Winter EV Journey
Check Your Range Before You Go
Cold weather means your usual range estimate may be optimistic. Allow extra margin for heaters and charging slow-downs.
Use Navigation with Charging Info
Plan your route with up-to-date charging stops. Many in-car systems can estimate range in real time based on weather and terrain.
Keep Cables & Accessories Handy
If you rely on home charging, ensure cables aren’t stiff or brittle in the cold, which can make them harder to handle.
Rooster: Helping You Drive Smarter All Year Round
So now you know how cold weather affects electric cars, you should check out Rooster. Rooster is built to make driving simpler, cheaper and less stressful — no matter the weather. With Rooster you can:
- Check your MOT history and vehicle details
- Compare and book MOTs, services and repairs for up to 50% less
- Get flexible car and van insurance, including short-term cover from just one hour
- Access breakdown cover from as little as £2.99 a month
- Use helpful tools like service reminders and Clean Air Zone checks
Whether you’re driving an EV or a traditional car, Rooster helps you stay legal, save money and stay on the road with confidence.
Download the Rooster app today and take control of your driving — all in one place.
